Lemoine, S., Frater, J., Nicourt, M., Landi, F., Maxwell, B., Thiodet, J., Mestrallet, E., Warr, S., Pizarro, M. and Fa, J.,
2026 (Accepted for publication).
Geophagy in Gibraltar Barbary macaques is a primate tradition anthropogenically induced
Scientific Reports,
Biography
I obtained a Bachelor in Biology at the University of Bourgogne, in Dijon and a Master Science in Ecophysiology and Ethology at the University of Strasbourg, where I worked on the evolution of cooperation in South African vervet monkeys. I was research coordinator and field site manager in Nigeria in a primate conservation organisation, where I conducted primates’ reintroduction and ecological studies. I managed a field site in the Gunung Palung National Park, Borneo, Indonesia, where I undertook phenology studies and vertebrate surveys for the University of California, Davis. I did my PhD at the Department of Primatology from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI-EVA), in Leipzig. I spent three years in Ivory Coast, within the Taï Chimpanzee Project, managing the field site and collecting behavioural data on wild chimpanzees. I obtained my PhD in 2020 and continued as a postdoctoral associate within the MPI-EVA for a year.
Research
I’m a behavioural ecologist and primatologist interested in the relationships between neighbouring groups of wild primates, in particular how, from a proximate and ultimate perspective, intergroup competition constitutes a relevant selective pressure on adaptations such as sociality, cooperative skills, cognitive abilities and territorial strategies. I’m thus particularly interested in research questions related to the evolution of warfare, xenophobia and parochial altruism, in primates, throughout human evolution and in other social animals. I’m also interested in immediate and long-term consequences of intergroup competition on behaviour and reproductive success, as well as the relationships between adaptive territorial strategies and tactics and landscape utilization. I’m collaborating with the Taï Chimpanzee Project where I study patterns of interactions between several neighbouring communities within a population of wild Western chimpanzees, using long-term behavioural and ranging data.
Recently, I founded the Gibraltar Macaques Project, aiming at studying the behaviour, ecology, social interactions and interactions with humans of the popualtion of Barbary macaques living in the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, in Gibraltar. This unique human-primate interface offers the opportunity to examine how in-group and between-group social dynamics (cooperation, competition and dispersal) are affected by anthopogenic pressure. The unique set-up, with several neighbouring troops of known demographic history, yields a great potential for research questions related to inter-group competition, impact of human interactions, and conservation issues.
Information for Prospective Postgraduate Students
If you are interested in primates, and envision undertkaing a Masters degree or a PhD, feel free to contact me for further discussions on topics and funding opportunities.
Key Publications
Key publications
Lemoine SRT, Samuni L, Crockford C, Wittig RM (2023) Chimpanzees make tactical use of high elevation in territorial contexts. PLoS Biol 21(11): e3002350. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002350
Kouassi, J. A. K., Kablan, Y. A., Bachmann, M. E., Lemoine, S. R. T., Nielsen, M. R., & Koné, I. (2023). Determinants of bushmeat supply sources in rural areas of Côte d’Ivoire. Journal for Nature Conservation, 72, 126330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126330
Lemoine, S. R. T., Samuni, L., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2022). Parochial cooperation in wild chimpanzees: A model to explain the evolution of parochial altruism. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 377(1851), 20210149. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2021.0149
Oelze, V. M., Wittig, R. M., Lemoine, S., Kühl, H., & Boesch, C. (2020). How isotopic signatures relate to meat consumption in wild chimpanzees: a critical reference study from Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire. Journal of Human Evolution, 146: 102817.
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Preis, A., Samuni, L., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2020). Group dominance increases territory size and reduces neighbour pressure in wild chimpanzees. Royal Society Open Science, 7(5): 200577.
Lemoine, S., Preis, A., Samuni, L., Boesch, C., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2020). Between-group competition impacts reproductive success in wild chimpanzees. Current Biology, 30(2), 312–318.
Lemoine, S., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2019). Spatial integration of unusually high numbers of immigrant females into the south group further support for the bisexually-bonded model in Tai chimpanzees. In C. Boesch, & R. M. Wittig (Eds.), The chimpanzees of the Taï forest: 40 years of research (pp. 159–177). Cambridge University Press.
McCarthy, M., Despres-Einspenner, M.-L., Samuni, L., Mundry, R., Lemoine, S., Preis, A., Wittig, R. M., Boesch, C., & Kühl, H. S. (2018). An assessment of the efficacy of camera traps for studying demographic composition and variation in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology, 80(9): e22904.
Fruteau, C., Lemoine, S., Hellard, E., Damme, E. v., & Noë, R. (2011). When females trade grooming for grooming: Testing partner control and partner choice models of cooperation in two primate species. Animal Behaviour, 81(6), 1223–1230.
Lemoine, S., Crockford C., Wittig, R. M. (2020). Between-group competition and group dominance effects on chimpanzee reproductive success. Animal Behavior Society 2020 Virtual Conference.
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2019). Effects of between-group competition on fitness in wild chimpanzees. 16th Conference of Gesellschaft für Primatologie, Göttingen, Germany.
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Crockford, C., & Wittig, R. M. (2018). Selective potential of between-group competition in wild chimpanzees. International Society for Behavioral Ecology Conference, Minneapolis, USA.
Oelze, V. M., Wittig, R. M., Lemoine, S., Kühl, H. S., & Boesch, C. (2018). Meat eating frequencies in wild chimpanzees - The effect of absolute meat amounts, hunt participation and female reproductive state on the delta N-15 ratios of hair. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 165(S66), 192-192. 87th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Austin, USA.
Lemoine S, Tooze Z, Coulson C. (2010). First reintroduction of mona guenons in Southeast Nigeria: lessons learnt, implications and benefits for captive care and conservation of Cercopithecines species. Compassionate Conservation Symposium 2010, Oxford, UK.
Tooze Z, Lemoine S. (2008). Restoring primate communities: Reintroduction of mona monkeys (Cercopithecus mona) to a protected community forest in Southeast Nigeria. International Primate Society Congress 2008, Edinburgh, UK.
Publication
Journal articles
2026 (Accepted for publication)
2025 (Accepted for publication)
Lemoine, S.,
2025 (Accepted for publication).
Intergroup interactions and conflicts in non-human primates: mechanisms and evolutionary pathways toward warfare
Bulletin de la Societe Prehistorique Francaise,
2024 (Accepted for publication)
Boucher, R., Wittig, R., Lemoine, S., Maro, A., Wang, X., Koch, P. and Oelze, V.,
2024 (Accepted for publication).
Strontium isotopes track female dispersal in Taï chimpanzees
American Journal of Biological Anthropology,
2023 (Accepted for publication)
Lemoine, S., Samuni, L., Crockford, C. and Wittig, R.,
2023 (Accepted for publication).
Chimpanzees make tactical use of high elevation in territorial contexts
PLoS Biology,
2023
Kouassi, JAK., Kablan, YA., Bachmann, ME., Lemoine, SRT., Nielsen, MR. and Koné, I.,
2023.
Determinants of bushmeat supply sources in rural areas of Côte d’Ivoire
Journal for Nature Conservation,
v. 72
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126330
2022
Nelaballi, S., Finkel, BJ., Bernard, AB., Estrada, GR., Setiawan, E., Setia, TM., Susanto, TW., Rhanda, R., Surya, D., Jakaria, S., Andika, SM., Lemoine, EJ., Jaffe, Ž., Barrow, HU., Justinek, AJ., Wittmer, and Marshall, ,
2022.
Impacts of abiotic and biotic factors on terrestrial leeches in Indonesian Borneo
Biotropica,
v. 54
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1111/btp.13146
Lemoine, SRT., Samuni, L., Crockford, C. and Wittig, RM.,
2022.
Parochial cooperation in wild chimpanzees: a model to explain the evolution of parochial altruism.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci,
v. 377
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2021.0149
2020
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Preis, A., Samuni, L., Crockford, C. and Wittig, RM.,
2020.
Group dominance increases territory size and reduces neighbour pressure in wild chimpanzees.
R Soc Open Sci,
v. 7
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200577
Oelze, VM., Wittig, RM., Lemoine, S., Kühl, HS. and Boesch, C.,
2020.
How isotopic signatures relate to meat consumption in wild chimpanzees: A critical reference study from Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire.
J Hum Evol,
v. 146
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102817
Lemoine, S., Preis, A., Samuni, L., Boesch, C., Crockford, C. and Wittig, RM.,
2020.
Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees.
Curr Biol,
v. 30
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.039
2018
McCarthy, MS., Després-Einspenner, M-L., Samuni, L., Mundry, R., Lemoine, S., Preis, A., Wittig, RM., Boesch, C. and Kühl, HS.,
2018.
An assessment of the efficacy of camera traps for studying demographic composition and variation in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
Am J Primatol,
v. 80
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22904
2011
Fruteau, C., Lemoine, S., Hellard, E., van Damme, E. and Noë, R.,
2011.
When females trade grooming for grooming: testing partner control and partner choice models of cooperation in two primate species
Animal Behaviour,
v. 81
Doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.03.008
Conference proceedings
2024
Boucher, RD., Wittig, R., Lemoine, SRT., Maro, A., Wang, X., Koch, PL. and Oelze, VM.,
2024.
Strontium isotopes track female dispersal in Tai chimpanzees
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY,
v. 183
Atkin, N., Lemoine, S., Schuppli, C., Kunz, J., Setia, TM. and van Noordwijk, M.,
2024.
Reductions in orangutan flange size after initial development: relationship to FAI, antagonistic interactions, and age
FOLIA PRIMATOLOGICA,
v. 95
2023 (No publication date)
Lemoine, S. and Tooze, Z.,
2023 (No publication date).
Restoring primate communities: Reintroduction of mona monkeys (Cercopithecus mona) to a protected community forest in Southeast Nigeria.
https://www.worldcat.org/title/256045618,
Lemoine, S., Coulson, C. and Tooze, Z.,
2023 (No publication date).
First reintroduction of mona guenons in Southeast Nigeria: lessons learnt, implications and benefits for captive care and conservation of Cercopithecines species.
2022 (Accepted for publication)
Lemoine, S., Crockford, C. and Wittig, R.,
2022 (Accepted for publication).
Tactical use of high elevation by wild chimpanzees to detect hostile neighbours.
2020 (Accepted for publication)
Lemoine, S., Crockford, C. and Wittig, R.,
2020 (Accepted for publication).
Between-group competition and group dominance effects on chimpanzee reproductive success.
2018 (Published online)
Oelze, V., Wittig, R., Kühl, H. and Boesch, C.,
2018 (Published online).
Meat eating frequencies in wild chimpanzees - The effect of absolute meat amounts, hunt participation and female reproductive state on the delta N-15 ratios of hair.
2018 (Accepted for publication)
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Crockford, C. and Wittig, R.,
2018 (Accepted for publication).
Selective potential of between-group competition in wild chimpanzees.
Lemoine, S., Boesch, C., Crockford, C. and Wittig, R.,
2018 (Accepted for publication).
Effects of between-group competition on fitness in wild chimpanzees.
Book chapters
2019
Lemoine, S., Crockford, C. and Wittig, R.,
2019.
Spatial integration of unusually high numbers of immigrant females into the South Group: further support for the bisexually bonded model in Tai chimpanzees
Teaching and Supervisions
Teaching
B1 Humans in Biological Perspective (Michaelmas Term)
B2 Human Ecology and Behaviour (Michaelmas Term)
B17 Our Extended Family: Primate Biology and Behaviour (Lent Term)
